Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence is a fascinating field which provides equal opportunities and equal risks. The concept should be developed properly in order be an efficient tool for the man-kind. However, any improper or reckless development shall only affect the very course of man-kind. Many scholars today fear AI to an extent as they believe that it would create economic, global, political and moral destruction throughout the world. When we look into detail as to what destruction can this AI cause in the respective domains, it creates a lot of ambiguity in the futuristic world that we are trying to create. Physical destruction, as in wars can create a lot of human and money loss. When a war is fought based on a machine which is programmed to work in a particular way and on which a lot of lives depend on, it has to be fool proof. But AI is not something which can be fool proof completely, as a single wrong line of code, a small malfunction in the system or any negligence in the built quality of the machines using AI will result in a regrettable loss to the very humans who have developed it. A scientist named David Parnas has clearly mentioned that AI cannot be trusted in the war zone, as even one small failure can be disastrous. Having been associated with the military applications for most of his professional life, such remarks from Parnas have certainly raised doubts about the implementation of AI in the field of defence. Thus, physical destruction seems to be a possibility with the use of AI.

When viewed politically, Artificial Intelligence has a potential to disrupt the potential governments and make them run for their own money. When AI is used to understand the texts, codes and also interpreting the secretive images which are meant to be under strict confidentiality, there is a possibility of a breach in security, which can potentially bring own the biggest democracies in the world. When such a breach occurs, even the public suffer the most, as there is a definite chance of their personal information being hacked which will cause an economic break-down of the entire system.

Economic breakdown occurs when the Industries view AI as a replacement to the man power. With so much automation already happening in large business companies, it is already a potential threat to the job requirement. Companies view profits as their main criteria and though the initial cost of the automation set-up is considered costly, this automation is proving to save a lot of money for the companies over a period of time. For example, in the manufacturing companies of soft drinks, complete automation is applied right from the brewing of the drink to the end packaging. So, it hinders the chances of employment to the people who so desperately might require a job. Though some part of the handling is done under human supervision, most of the work is already completed by the machines with properly written codes, and if in case of malfunctioning after a time period; this manual supervision is needed to bring the automation on track. Many believe that, if AI had to take over man-kind, it will directly affect the Economic Standards of all the countries.

The moral impact of AI could be the worse of all. When humans turn in-human, just because AI has started de-humanizing the entire world around us, it can seriously affect the morality of the people around. The need of the hour is to make sure that AI cannot feel what a human can, and is only programmed to think in a particular direction without any moral implications. When this idea becomes clear, the de-humanizing factor can be eliminated.

As we throw light on the possible affects AI can have on the human life, let us also consider the three questions put forward by the science fiction writer, Isaac Asimov. His three laws are

1. A robot may not harm a human being, or allow a human being to get injured.
2. A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
3. A robot must protect its own existence, as long as such protection does not conflict with First and Second Laws.

By this, Asimov talks that the robotic nature of all the robots should be under manual supervision. These three laws form the basis of the existing debate on the AI technology.

Results:

The most important thing that can be done under this scenario to regulate the applicability of AI by keeping it under the control of man-kind is to have proper regulatory committees. These regulatory committees should ensure proper usage of Artificial Intelligence and should be able to deal with the forth-coming problems related to AI. As it is still a field where there can be a lot of potential growth, it is also a field as we discussed earlier, where there is a lot of potential t risk. There should be three procedures to evaluate proper utilization of AI in the modern world. These three committees can create the discipline required and help in optimization of Artificial Intelligence. These three regulatory bodies include:

1. Legislatures: This regulatory body is filled with the elected officials who make laws and can change the laws according to the changes seen/made in the society. These Legislatures take into consideration the public interests and evaluate the importance of the applicability of AI in the domain necessary. If the Legislatures think the public doesn’t approve the idea of injection automation, it can withdraw the idea in the first place. However, this body is only entitled to make a decision and not go into specifics as the legislatures do not have a complete idea of the technicalities involved in the automation process. In order to look at the technical glitches, another regulatory committee should evolve which is granted the power to understand the subject and evaluate the possibility/impossibility of the application of AI in the domain. This committee should be autonomous and should not be influenced by any external sources.
2. Regulatory Agencies: These are nothing but specific bodies pertaining to the field in which the study has to be taken under consideration. When forming a regulatory committee four things have to be taken into consideration according to Scherer. Those are:
• Flexibility: The regulatory bodies are formed from the scratch and these bodies must be flexible to begin with. The flexibility covers various aspects like, creating of rules, collecting information, investigation of any possible loop holes and sanctioning the idea if they stick to the guidelines.
• Specialization: This area includes the experts of investigation, which means that any particular idea, if developed should be reviewed by the experts to understand the practical applicability and also if the idea is actually helpful to the society. By keeping focus on the subject with the help of the experts, all the possible problems can be noted down and a proper conclusion can be drawn.
• Independence: These regulatory bodies, as said above should be independent of any external influences and should work autonomously for a greater impact. In general these regulatory bodies will have political influence on them, but it is trivial that these agencies are alienated from outside pressures.
• Power of Ex Ante Action: These agencies create rules and standards that define the companies’ requirements which provide the goods and services.
3. Courts Competency: Courts usually have very less to deal with the outcome of the regulatory agencies, but any conflict of ideas should be dealt by the courts in general and understand the conflict and resolve the disputes. This should be done at a swift pace without any wastage of time and resources.

Conclusion:

Though the usage of AI cannot be constrained because of the extensive use it can be to the man kind, these is a possible fear generated among the commoners as to how much of automation is agreeable and how can the whole idea be regulated. The idea is to apply this technology where humans feel constrained in a particular task and to move the idea forward. The regulatory committees can make sure the applicability and the genuineness of the ideas where this technology can be applicable. Safe development of AI should be the goal of all governmental organizations and the companies using this technology should also join hands to make it a successful endeavour. Yes, AI sounds a very interesting subject with a lot of potential usage, and it shall be used for the good, and doesn’t instil fear in the hearts of the humans. This should be the only ethical goal for all organizations working in this domain.